Alfred the Great- Formed the Anglo-Saxons.
Edward the Confessor- the last Anglo-Saxon king. Had no direct heir. Which lead to The Battle of Hastings in 1066 between Harold Godwinston was brother-in-law- not blood related. William, Duke of Normandy- was French.
William defeats Harold, given the title of William the Conqueror.
1.) Starts to collect taxes through a census. 1st since ancient Roman times to collect a census. Shires (Sheriff) collected the data. Domesday (Doomsday) book was where the information was held.
Henry the 1st succeded him.
Henry the 2nd succeeds him. Thomas Becket was his best friend. Henry wanted to change the government. Thought the church shouldn't be above it. His best friend Becket was the Archbishop of Canterbury, opposed his idea greatly. They fueded over it, and after Thomas stormed out, Henry wished for his friends death in the anger of the moment. Overhearing knights take the order upon themselves and kill Thomas in his cathedral at the altar. Guilt overwhelmes Henry the 2nd and his reign crumbles.
King John was Henry the 2nd's son. He heavily taxed people to support his wars in France.Meet in Runymeade in 1215. The Magna Carta (the great charter) King John was forced to sign it.
-Magna carta gave church freedom, trial by jury, freedom from taxation without cause and consent, and due process of law, empowered a group of barons to take up arms against the king if he violated its conditions.
-protected the liberties of nobles, plus a limited outline of right's for ordinary people.
-King could not collect any new/special taxes with Great Counsil's consent.
-John could not take property without paying for it. Could not sell, refuse, or delay justice.
-King also agreed to let any accused person be judgedd by a jury of his/her peers.
This meant that the king had to obey the law like his subjects or face revolt and overthrow.
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